Pneumothorax refers to a condition where gas enters the pleural cavity, resulting in a state of gas accumulation. It is often caused by lung diseases or external forces that rupture the lung tissue and visceral pleura, or cause the rupture of tiny emphysematous bullae near the lung surface, allowing air from the lungs and bronchi to escape into the pleural cavity.

Pneumothorax can be classified into closed pneumothorax, open pneumothorax, and tension pneumothorax.

Spontaneous pneumothorax is more common in young adult males or those with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or pulmonary tuberculosis.

This disease is one of the emergencies in pulmonology. In severe cases, it can be life - threatening, but it can be cured with timely treatment.