If a pituitary tumor is a prolactinoma, it is caused by an elevated level of prolactin. Clinically, in females, it presents as menstrual irregularities, while in males, it presents as impotence and sexual dysfunction. If the prolactinoma is relatively small, less than 2 centimeters in size, drug treatment is often used. Patients are usually on long - term replacement therapy with bromocriptine. Based on the degree of elevated prolactin levels, bromocriptine is started at a low dose. The dosage is adjusted until the blood prolactin level returns to normal and the clinical symptoms are relieved. Then, the dosage of bromocriptine is gradually reduced to a maintenance dose, which can be taken for a long time.If the prolactinoma is relatively large, greater than 2 centimeters, and the patient experiences symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and blurred vision, which are symptoms of apoplexy and compression caused by the large tumor, surgical treatment is necessary. If the prolactinoma is large but the patient has no symptoms, either oral medication or surgical treatment can be chosen, and the long - term effects of the two approaches are similar.