Complications of ulcerative colitis include massive bleeding, acute perforation, intestinal obstruction, toxic megacolon, etc. Ulcerative colitis is related to the patient's daily diet and mental stress. Therefore, in addition to treating the disease, attention should also be paid to adjustments in these two aspects. It is necessary to ensure a regular diet and consume easily digestible foods. In terms of mental and psychological aspects, one should maintain a good state of mind and avoid being overly nervous or stressed. The main affected areas of ulcerative colitis are the colon and rectum, so the main clinical manifestations are abdominal pain and diarrhea. Ulcerative colitis can only be diagnosed through a proctoscopy or a colonoscopy. After the diagnosis, treatment should be carried out according to the symptoms. Usually, one should avoid staying up late. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease that requires long - term medication and has the possibility of canceration. Therefore, cancer screening should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. The disease not only causes physical pain to the patient but also affects the patient's mental health. Therefore, the patient's family members should also pay attention to the patient's psychological adjustment.