DocUS

How to identify central facial paralysis

Dr. Dr. Jennifer Meinhardt, DO,  - Internal Medicine specialist at 10250 Santa Monica BlvdLos Angeles, CA 90067
Dr. Jennifer Meinhardt, DO

10250 Santa Monica BlvdLos Angeles, CA 90067 Internal Medicine

Expert Medical Information

Central facial palsy is caused by damage to the upper motor neurons, with the lesion located in the lower part of the precentral gyrus or the corticobulbar tract. Clinically, it manifests as paralysis of the lower facial muscles on the side opposite to the lesion, characterized by a flattening of the nasolabial fold and a slight drooping of the mouth corner. The upper facial muscles (frontalis and orbicularis oculi) remain unaffected. Central facial palsy is commonly associated with cerebrovascular diseases, such as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. In clinical practice, it is essential to differentiate central facial palsy from peripheral facial palsy. Peripheral facial palsy results from damage to the lower motor neurons and presents with paralysis of both the upper and lower facial muscles on the same side as the lesion. This includes a flattening or disappearance of the forehead wrinkles on the affected side, inability to frown, widening of the palpebral fissure, and weakness in eyelid closure.

Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, and discomfort in the affected area. Always consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history review, and possibly laboratory tests or imaging studies depending on the suspected cause.
Treatment options vary based on the specific condition, severity, and individual health factors. They may include medication, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgical intervention.
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe symptoms, rapid worsening of condition, or if self-care measures aren't providing relief within a reasonable timeframe.